(Bio Algebra of Chromosomes)
(Mathematical Lab of Sikander Aqeel)
CHAPTER [3] PROTEINS
(7/22/2016)
AMINO ACIDS HAVE AN ASYMMETRIC CENTER,
The common amino acids with the normal structure have four substituent’s (R, H, COO-, NH3+) covalently bonded to the a-carbon in the a-amino acid structure, a carbon atom with four different substituent arranged in a tetrahedral configuration is asymmetric and exist in tow enantiomeric form, thus each amino acids (except glycine, in which R = H and thus two of the four substituent on the a-carbon are hydrogen) exhibits optical isomerism
The absolute configuration for an amino acid is depicted in utilizing the fischer projection to show the direction in space of the tetrahedrally arranged a-carbon substituent, the a-COO- is directed up and back behind the plane of the end and the side chain group is directed down and also behind the plane, the a-H and a-NH3 groups are directed toward the reader, an amino acid held in this project it’s a-NH3 group either to the left or right of a-carbon, by convention, if the a-NH3 is projected to the left, the amino acid has an L absolute configuration, its optical enantiomer with a-NH3 projected toward the right, has a designated D absolute configuration, in mammalian proteins only amino acid of L configuration are found,
COO-
|
NH3-> C <--H
|
R = L - configuration
COO-
|
H-->C <-- NH3
|
R = D – configuration
L - Configuration = C3H4NO2 = 87
= a2 - b2 = c2
= a2 (C3H4NO2) - b2 (a-carbon) = c2
= a2 (87) - b2 (12) = c2
= a2 (7569) - b2 (144) = c2
= a - b = 7425 = c2
= a - b = 7425 / 86.17 = 86.17
= a - b = 86.17 / 2.5 = 34.468
= a - b = 34.468 / 1.941 a-H = 17.75
= a - b = 17.75 = a-NH3 = D – configuration
L – CONFIGURATION OF ARGININE WITH CHROMOSOMES
L - Configuration = Arginine = C6H14N4O2 = 177.5
= a2 - b2 = c2
= a2 (C6H14N4O2) - b2 (chromosomes) = c2
= a2 (177.5) - b2 (46.25) = c2
= a (31506.25) - b (2139.0625) = c2
= a - b = 29367.1875 = c2
= a - b = 29367.1875 / 171.36 = 171.37
= a - b = 171.37 / 2.5 (H2= A//T DNA) = 68.548
= a - b = 68.548 / 1.930 a-H1 = 35.5
= a - b = 35.5 = (a-NH3)2 = D absolute configuration of right
The a-H1 and (a-NH3)2 groups are direct toward the reader, its optical enantiomer with a-NH3 projected toward the right, has a designated D absolute configuration for protein, and in mammalian proteins only amino acid of L configuration are found,
As a amino acids in proteins are asymmetric, the proteins into which the amino acids are polymerized also exthibit asymmetric proteins,
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