BIO ALGEBRA OF LIVING ORGANISMS

(Bio Mathematical Lab of Sikander Aqeel) 

CHAPTER [3] PROTEINS  

Proteins  

Charge and Chemical Properties of Amino acids and Proteins, 

An understanding of protein requires knowledge of the ionizable side chain groups of the common amino acids, these ionizable groups common to proteins and amino acids, the acid form of the respective ionizable groups are on the left of the sum, while the respective properties base are on the right side, characteristic of the acid form is that nitrogen-containing groups are positively charged, whereas the acid forms that contain oxygen and sulfur atoms are natural, 

Titration of a Monoamino Dicarboxylic Acid (8/23/2016) 

A more complecated example of the relationship between molecular charge and pH is the example of Glutamic acid, its ionized forms and titration curve are shown in Glutamic acid, the a-COOH pKa = 2.2, the Y-COOH pka = 4.3, and the a-NH3+ pKa = 9.7, the zwqitterion form is generated after 1.5 equiv of base are sdded to the low pH form, and the isoelectric pH (pI) is calculated from the average of the two pKa values that form the boundaries of the zwitterion form, 

         2.2 + 4.3

pI = ------------------ = 3.25 

             2        

a-COOH pKa = 2.2

Y-COOH pka = 4.3 

  = a2 - b2 = c2 

  = a2 (a-COOH pKa) + b2 (Y-COOH pka) = c2 

  = a2 (2.2) + b2 (4.3) = c2 

  = a + b = (4.84) + b (18.49) = c2 

  = a + b = 23.33 = c2 

  = a + b = 23.33 / 4.83 = 4.83

  = a + b = 4.83 / 1.5 Equiv of base = 3.22

  = a + b = 3.22 + -0.03 = 3.25 

  = a + b = 3.25 = pH of negative charge, 

Accordinggly at value above pH 3.25 the molecule will assume a net negative charge until at high pH the molecule will have a net charge of -0.03, at pH 3.25 Glutamic acid will be positively charge, and at extremely low pH it will have a net positive charge of +1,  

CHROMOSOMES WITH BIO-CHEMISTRY 

a-COOH pKa = 2.2

Y-COOH pka = 4.3 + 6.5  

  = a2 + b2 = c2 

  = a2 (a-Y-COOH pka) + b2 (chromosomes) = c2 

  = a2 (6.5) + b2 (46.25) = c2 

  = a + b = (42.25) + b (2139.0625) = c2 

  = a + b = 2181.3125 = c2 

  = a + b = 2181.3125 / 46.70 = 46.70

  = a + b = 46.70 / 4.3 (Y-COOH pka) = 10.86 

  = a + b = 10.86 - +1.16 positive charge = 9.7

  = a + b = 9.7 pH = a-NH3+,